757 lines
18 KiB
C
757 lines
18 KiB
C
#ident "$Id: extlinux.c,v 1.15 2005/04/03 00:00:36 hpa Exp $"
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- *
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*
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* Copyright 1998-2005 H. Peter Anvin - All Rights Reserved
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*
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* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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* the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 53 Temple Place Ste 330,
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* Boston MA 02111-1307, USA; either version 2 of the License, or
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* (at your option) any later version; incorporated herein by reference.
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*
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* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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/*
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* extlinux.c
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*
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* Install the extlinux boot block on an ext2/3 filesystem
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*/
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#define _GNU_SOURCE /* Enable everything */
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#include <inttypes.h>
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/* This is needed to deal with the kernel headers imported into glibc 3.3.3. */
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typedef uint64_t u64;
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#include <alloca.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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#include <fcntl.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include <mntent.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <getopt.h>
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#include <sysexits.h>
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#include <sys/ioctl.h>
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#include <sys/stat.h>
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/mount.h>
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#include <linux/fd.h> /* Floppy geometry */
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#include <linux/hdreg.h> /* Hard disk geometry */
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#include <linux/fs.h> /* FIGETBSZ, FIBMAP */
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#include "ext2_fs.h"
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#include "../version.h"
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#ifdef DEBUG
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# define dprintf printf
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#else
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# define dprintf(...) ((void)0)
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#endif
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/* Global option handling */
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const char *program;
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/* These are the options we can set and their values */
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struct my_options {
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unsigned int sectors;
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unsigned int heads;
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} opt = {
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.sectors = 0,
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.heads = 0,
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};
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static void __attribute__((noreturn)) usage(int rv)
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{
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fprintf(stderr,
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"Usage: %s [options] directory\n"
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" --zip -z Force zipdrive geometry (-H 64 -S 32)\n"
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" --sectors=# -S Force the number of sectors per track\n"
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" --heads=# -H Force number of heads\n"
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"\n"
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" Note: geometry is determined at boot time for devices which\n"
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" are considered hard disks by the BIOS. Unfortunately, this is\n"
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" not possible for devices which are considered floppy disks,\n"
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" which includes zipdisks and LS-120 superfloppies.\n"
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"\n"
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" The -z option is useful for USB devices which are considered\n"
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" hard disks by some BIOSes and zipdrives by other BIOSes.\n",
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program);
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exit(rv);
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}
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static const struct option long_options[] = {
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{ "zipdrive", 0, NULL, 'z' },
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{ "sectors", 1, NULL, 'S' },
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{ "heads", 1, NULL, 'H' },
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{ "version", 0, NULL, 'v' },
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{ "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
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{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }
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};
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static const char short_options[] = "zS:H:vh";
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#if defined(__linux__) && !defined(BLKGETSIZE64)
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/* This takes a u64, but the size field says size_t. Someone screwed big. */
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# define BLKGETSIZE64 _IOR(0x12,114,size_t)
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#endif
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#define LDLINUX_MAGIC 0x3eb202fe
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enum bs_offsets {
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bsJump = 0x00,
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bsOemName = 0x03,
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bsBytesPerSec = 0x0b,
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bsSecPerClust = 0x0d,
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bsResSectors = 0x0e,
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bsFATs = 0x10,
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bsRootDirEnts = 0x11,
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bsSectors = 0x13,
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bsMedia = 0x15,
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bsFATsecs = 0x16,
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bsSecPerTrack = 0x18,
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bsHeads = 0x1a,
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bsHiddenSecs = 0x1c,
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bsHugeSectors = 0x20,
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/* FAT12/16 only */
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bs16DriveNumber = 0x24,
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bs16Reserved1 = 0x25,
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bs16BootSignature = 0x26,
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bs16VolumeID = 0x27,
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bs16VolumeLabel = 0x2b,
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bs16FileSysType = 0x36,
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bs16Code = 0x3e,
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/* FAT32 only */
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bs32FATSz32 = 36,
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bs32ExtFlags = 40,
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bs32FSVer = 42,
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bs32RootClus = 44,
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bs32FSInfo = 48,
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bs32BkBootSec = 50,
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bs32Reserved = 52,
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bs32DriveNumber = 64,
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bs32Reserved1 = 65,
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bs32BootSignature = 66,
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bs32VolumeID = 67,
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bs32VolumeLabel = 71,
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bs32FileSysType = 82,
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bs32Code = 90,
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bsSignature = 0x1fe
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};
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#define bsHead bsJump
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#define bsHeadLen (bsOemName-bsHead)
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#define bsCode bs32Code /* The common safe choice */
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#define bsCodeLen (bsSignature-bs32Code)
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/*
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* Access functions for littleendian numbers, possibly misaligned.
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*/
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static inline uint8_t get_8(const unsigned char *p)
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{
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return *(const uint8_t *)p;
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}
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static inline uint16_t get_16(const unsigned char *p)
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{
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#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
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/* Littleendian and unaligned-capable */
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return *(const uint16_t *)p;
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#else
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return (uint16_t)p[0] + ((uint16_t)p[1] << 8);
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#endif
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}
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static inline uint32_t get_32(const unsigned char *p)
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{
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#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
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/* Littleendian and unaligned-capable */
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return *(const uint32_t *)p;
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#else
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return (uint32_t)p[0] + ((uint32_t)p[1] << 8) +
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((uint32_t)p[2] << 16) + ((uint32_t)p[3] << 24);
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#endif
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}
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static inline void set_16(unsigned char *p, uint16_t v)
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{
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#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
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/* Littleendian and unaligned-capable */
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*(uint16_t *)p = v;
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#else
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p[0] = (v & 0xff);
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p[1] = ((v >> 8) & 0xff);
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#endif
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}
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static inline void set_32(unsigned char *p, uint32_t v)
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{
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#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
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/* Littleendian and unaligned-capable */
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*(uint32_t *)p = v;
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#else
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p[0] = (v & 0xff);
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p[1] = ((v >> 8) & 0xff);
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p[2] = ((v >> 16) & 0xff);
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p[3] = ((v >> 24) & 0xff);
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#endif
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}
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#ifndef EXT2_SUPER_OFFSET
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#define EXT2_SUPER_OFFSET 1024
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#endif
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#define SECTOR_SHIFT 9 /* 512-byte sectors */
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#define SECTOR_SIZE (1 << SECTOR_SHIFT)
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const char *program;
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/*
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* Boot block
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*/
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extern unsigned char extlinux_bootsect[];
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extern unsigned int extlinux_bootsect_len;
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#define boot_block extlinux_bootsect
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#define boot_block_len extlinux_bootsect_len
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/*
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* Image file
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*/
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extern unsigned char extlinux_image[];
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extern unsigned int extlinux_image_len;
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#define boot_image extlinux_image
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#define boot_image_len extlinux_image_len
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/*
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* Common abort function
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*/
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void __attribute__((noreturn)) die(const char *msg)
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{
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fputs(msg, stderr);
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exit(1);
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}
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/*
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* read/write wrapper functions
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*/
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ssize_t xpread(int fd, void *buf, size_t count, off_t offset)
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{
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char *bufp = (char *)buf;
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ssize_t rv;
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ssize_t done = 0;
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while ( count ) {
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rv = pread(fd, bufp, count, offset);
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if ( rv == 0 ) {
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die("short read");
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} else if ( rv == -1 ) {
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if ( errno == EINTR ) {
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continue;
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} else {
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die(strerror(errno));
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}
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} else {
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bufp += rv;
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offset += rv;
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done += rv;
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count -= rv;
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}
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}
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return done;
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}
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ssize_t xpwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count, off_t offset)
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{
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const char *bufp = (const char *)buf;
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ssize_t rv;
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ssize_t done = 0;
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while ( count ) {
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rv = pwrite(fd, bufp, count, offset);
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if ( rv == 0 ) {
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die("short write");
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} else if ( rv == -1 ) {
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if ( errno == EINTR ) {
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continue;
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} else {
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die(strerror(errno));
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}
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} else {
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bufp += rv;
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offset += rv;
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done += rv;
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count -= rv;
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}
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}
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return done;
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}
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/*
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* Produce file map
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*/
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int
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sectmap(int fd, uint32_t *sectors, int nsectors)
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{
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unsigned int blksize, blk, nblk;
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unsigned int i;
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/* Get block size */
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if ( ioctl(fd, FIGETBSZ, &blksize) )
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return -1;
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/* Number of sectors per block */
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blksize >>= SECTOR_SHIFT;
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nblk = 0;
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while ( nsectors ) {
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blk = nblk++;
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dprintf("querying block %u\n", blk);
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if ( ioctl(fd, FIBMAP, &blk) )
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return -1;
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blk *= blksize;
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for ( i = 0 ; i < blksize ; i++ ) {
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if ( !nsectors )
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return 0;
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dprintf("Sector: %10u\n", blk);
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*sectors++ = blk++;
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nsectors--;
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}
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}
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return 0;
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}
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/*
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* Get the size of a block device
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*/
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uint64_t get_size(int devfd)
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{
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uint64_t bytes;
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uint32_t sects;
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struct stat st;
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#ifdef BLKGETSIZE64
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if ( !ioctl(devfd, BLKGETSIZE64, &bytes) )
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return bytes;
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#endif
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if ( !ioctl(devfd, BLKGETSIZE, §s) )
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return (uint64_t)sects << 9;
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else if ( !fstat(devfd, &st) && st.st_size )
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return st.st_size;
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else
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return 0;
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}
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/*
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* Get device geometry and partition offset
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*/
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struct geometry_table {
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uint64_t bytes;
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struct hd_geometry g;
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};
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/* Standard floppy disk geometries, plus LS-120. Zipdisk geometry
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(x/64/32) is the final fallback. I don't know what LS-240 has
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as its geometry, since I don't have one and don't know anyone that does,
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and Google wasn't helpful... */
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static const struct geometry_table standard_geometries[] = {
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{ 360*1024, { 2, 9, 40, 0 } },
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{ 720*1024, { 2, 9, 80, 0 } },
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{ 1200*1024, { 2, 15, 80, 0 } },
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{ 1440*1024, { 2, 18, 80, 0 } },
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{ 1680*1024, { 2, 21, 80, 0 } },
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{ 1722*1024, { 2, 21, 80, 0 } },
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{ 2880*1024, { 2, 36, 80, 0 } },
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{ 3840*1024, { 2, 48, 80, 0 } },
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{ 123264*1024, { 8, 32, 963, 0 } }, /* LS120 */
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{ 0, {0,0,0,0} }
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};
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int
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get_geometry(int devfd, uint64_t totalbytes, struct hd_geometry *geo)
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{
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struct floppy_struct fd_str;
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const struct geometry_table *gp;
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memset(geo, 0, sizeof *geo);
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if ( !ioctl(devfd, HDIO_GETGEO, &geo) ) {
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return 0;
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} else if ( !ioctl(devfd, FDGETPRM, &fd_str) ) {
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geo->heads = fd_str.head;
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geo->sectors = fd_str.sect;
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geo->cylinders = fd_str.track;
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geo->start = 0;
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return 0;
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}
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/* Didn't work. Let's see if this is one of the standard geometries */
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for ( gp = standard_geometries ; gp->bytes ; gp++ ) {
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if ( gp->bytes == totalbytes ) {
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memcpy(geo, &gp->g, sizeof *geo);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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/* Didn't work either... assign a geometry of 64 heads, 32 sectors; this is
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what zipdisks use, so this would help if someone has a USB key that
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they're booting in USB-ZIP mode. */
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geo->heads = opt.heads ?: 64;
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geo->sectors = opt.sectors ?: 32;
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geo->cylinders = totalbytes/(geo->heads*geo->sectors << SECTOR_SHIFT);
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geo->start = 0;
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if ( !opt.sectors && !opt.heads )
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fprintf(stderr, "Warning: unable to obtain device geometry (defaulting to %d heads, %d sectors)\n"
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" (on hard disks, this is usually harmless.)\n",
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geo->heads, geo->sectors);
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return 1;
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}
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/*
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* Query the device geometry and put it into the boot sector.
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* Map the file and put the map in the boot sector and file.
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* Stick the "current directory" inode number into the file.
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*/
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void
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patch_file_and_bootblock(int fd, int dirfd, int devfd)
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{
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struct stat dirst;
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struct hd_geometry geo;
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uint32_t *sectp;
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uint64_t totalbytes, totalsectors;
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int nsect;
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unsigned char *p, *patcharea;
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int i, dw;
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uint32_t csum;
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if ( fstat(dirfd, &dirst) ) {
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perror("fstat dirfd");
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exit(255); /* This should never happen */
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}
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totalbytes = get_size(devfd);
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get_geometry(devfd, totalbytes, &geo);
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if ( opt.heads )
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geo.heads = opt.heads;
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if ( opt.sectors )
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geo.sectors = opt.sectors;
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/* Patch this into a fake FAT superblock. This isn't because
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FAT is a good format in any way, it's because it lets the
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early bootstrap share code with the FAT version. */
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dprintf("heads = %u, sect = %u\n", geo.heads, geo.sectors);
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totalsectors = totalbytes >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
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if ( totalsectors >= 65536 ) {
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set_16(boot_block+bsSectors, 0);
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} else {
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set_16(boot_block+bsSectors, totalsectors);
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}
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set_32(boot_block+bsHugeSectors, totalsectors);
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set_16(boot_block+bsBytesPerSec, SECTOR_SIZE);
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set_16(boot_block+bsSecPerTrack, geo.sectors);
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set_16(boot_block+bsHeads, geo.heads);
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set_32(boot_block+bsHiddenSecs, geo.start);
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/* Construct the boot file */
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dprintf("directory inode = %lu\n", (unsigned long) dirst.st_ino);
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nsect = (boot_image_len+SECTOR_SIZE-1) >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
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sectp = alloca(sizeof(uint32_t)*nsect);
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if ( sectmap(fd, sectp, nsect) ) {
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perror("bmap");
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exit(1);
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}
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/* First sector need pointer in boot sector */
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set_32(boot_block+0x1F8, *sectp++);
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nsect--;
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/* Search for LDLINUX_MAGIC to find the patch area */
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for ( p = boot_image ; get_32(p) != LDLINUX_MAGIC ; p += 4 );
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patcharea = p+8;
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/* Set up the totals */
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dw = boot_image_len >> 2; /* COMPLETE dwords! */
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set_16(patcharea, dw);
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set_16(patcharea+2, nsect); /* Does not include the first sector! */
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set_32(patcharea+8, dirst.st_ino); /* "Current" directory */
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/* Set the sector pointers */
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p = patcharea+12;
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memset(p, 0, 64*4);
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while ( nsect-- ) {
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set_32(p, *sectp++);
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p += 4;
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}
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/* Now produce a checksum */
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set_32(patcharea+4, 0);
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csum = LDLINUX_MAGIC;
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for ( i = 0, p = boot_image ; i < dw ; i++, p += 4 )
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csum -= get_32(p); /* Negative checksum */
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set_32(patcharea+4, csum);
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}
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/*
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* Install the boot block on the specified device.
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* Must be run AFTER install_file()!
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*/
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int
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install_bootblock(int fd, const char *device)
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{
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struct ext2_super_block sb;
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if ( xpread(fd, &sb, sizeof sb, EXT2_SUPER_OFFSET) != sizeof sb ) {
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perror("reading superblock");
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return 1;
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}
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if ( sb.s_magic != EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC ) {
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fprintf(stderr, "no ext2/ext3 superblock found on %s\n", device);
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return 1;
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}
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if ( xpwrite(fd, boot_block, boot_block_len, 0) != boot_block_len ) {
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|
perror("writing bootblock");
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
install_file(const char *path, int devfd, struct stat *rst)
|
|
{
|
|
char *file;
|
|
int fd = -1, dirfd = -1, flags;
|
|
struct stat st;
|
|
|
|
asprintf(&file, "%s%sextlinux.sys",
|
|
path,
|
|
path[0] && path[strlen(path)-1] == '/' ? "" : "/");
|
|
if ( !file ) {
|
|
perror(program);
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
dirfd = open(path, O_RDONLY|O_DIRECTORY);
|
|
if ( dirfd < 0 ) {
|
|
perror(path);
|
|
goto bail;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
fd = open(file, O_RDONLY);
|
|
if ( fd < 0 ) {
|
|
if ( errno != ENOENT ) {
|
|
perror(file);
|
|
goto bail;
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
/* If file exist, remove the immutable flag and set u+w mode */
|
|
if ( !ioctl(fd, EXT2_IOC_GETFLAGS, &flags) ) {
|
|
flags &= ~EXT2_IMMUTABLE_FL;
|
|
ioctl(fd, EXT2_IOC_SETFLAGS, &flags);
|
|
}
|
|
if ( !fstat(fd, &st) ) {
|
|
fchmod(fd, st.st_mode | S_IWUSR);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
close(fd);
|
|
|
|
fd = open(file, O_WRONLY|O_TRUNC|O_CREAT, S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH);
|
|
if ( fd < 0 ) {
|
|
perror(file);
|
|
goto bail;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Write it the first time */
|
|
if ( xpwrite(fd, boot_image, boot_image_len, 0) != boot_image_len ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: write failure on %s\n", program, file);
|
|
goto bail;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Map the file, and patch the initial sector accordingly */
|
|
patch_file_and_bootblock(fd, dirfd, devfd);
|
|
|
|
/* Write it again - this relies on the file being overwritten in place! */
|
|
if ( xpwrite(fd, boot_image, boot_image_len, 0) != boot_image_len ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: write failure on %s\n", program, file);
|
|
goto bail;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Attempt to set immutable flag and remove all write access */
|
|
/* Only set immutable flag if file is owned by root */
|
|
if ( !fstat(fd, &st) ) {
|
|
fchmod(fd, st.st_mode & (S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH));
|
|
if ( st.st_uid == 0 && !ioctl(fd, EXT2_IOC_GETFLAGS, &flags) ) {
|
|
flags |= EXT2_IMMUTABLE_FL;
|
|
ioctl(fd, EXT2_IOC_SETFLAGS, &flags);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if ( fstat(fd, rst) ) {
|
|
perror(file);
|
|
goto bail;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
close(dirfd);
|
|
close(fd);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
|
|
bail:
|
|
if ( dirfd >= 0 )
|
|
close(dirfd);
|
|
if ( fd >= 0 )
|
|
close(fd);
|
|
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
install_loader(const char *path)
|
|
{
|
|
struct stat st, dst, fst;
|
|
struct mntent *mnt = NULL;
|
|
int devfd, rv;
|
|
FILE *mtab;
|
|
|
|
if ( stat(path, &st) || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: Not a directory: %s\n", program, path);
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
devfd = -1;
|
|
|
|
if ( (mtab = setmntent("/proc/mounts", "r")) ) {
|
|
while ( (mnt = getmntent(mtab)) ) {
|
|
if ( (!strcmp(mnt->mnt_type, "ext2") ||
|
|
!strcmp(mnt->mnt_type, "ext3")) &&
|
|
!stat(mnt->mnt_fsname, &dst) &&
|
|
dst.st_rdev == st.st_dev ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s is device %s\n", path, mnt->mnt_fsname);
|
|
if ( (devfd = open(mnt->mnt_fsname, O_RDWR|O_SYNC)) < 0 ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot open device %s\n", program, mnt->mnt_fsname);
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if ( devfd < 0 ) {
|
|
/* Didn't find it in /proc/mounts, try /etc/mtab */
|
|
if ( (mtab = setmntent("/etc/mtab", "r")) ) {
|
|
while ( (mnt = getmntent(mtab)) ) {
|
|
if ( (!strcmp(mnt->mnt_type, "ext2") ||
|
|
!strcmp(mnt->mnt_type, "ext3")) &&
|
|
!stat(mnt->mnt_fsname, &dst) &&
|
|
dst.st_rdev == st.st_dev ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s is device %s\n", path, mnt->mnt_fsname);
|
|
if ( (devfd = open(mnt->mnt_fsname, O_RDWR|O_SYNC)) < 0 ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot open device %s\n", program, mnt->mnt_fsname);
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if ( devfd < 0 ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot find device for path %s\n", program, path);
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
install_file(path, devfd, &fst);
|
|
|
|
if ( fst.st_dev != st.st_dev ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: file system changed under us - aborting!\n",
|
|
program);
|
|
return 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
sync();
|
|
rv = install_bootblock(devfd, mnt->mnt_fsname);
|
|
close(devfd);
|
|
sync();
|
|
|
|
endmntent(mtab);
|
|
|
|
if ( rv ) return rv;
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
main(int argc, char *argv[])
|
|
{
|
|
int o;
|
|
const char *directory;
|
|
|
|
program = argv[0];
|
|
|
|
while ( (o = getopt_long(argc, argv, short_options,
|
|
long_options, NULL)) != EOF ) {
|
|
switch ( o ) {
|
|
case 'z':
|
|
opt.heads = 64;
|
|
opt.sectors = 32;
|
|
break;
|
|
case 'S':
|
|
opt.sectors = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
|
|
if ( opt.sectors < 1 || opt.sectors > 63 ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid number of sectors: %u (must be 1-63)\n",
|
|
program, opt.sectors);
|
|
exit(EX_USAGE);
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
case 'H':
|
|
opt.heads = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
|
|
if ( opt.heads < 1 || opt.heads > 256 ) {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid number of heads: %u (must be 1-256)\n",
|
|
program, opt.heads);
|
|
exit(EX_USAGE);
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
case 'h':
|
|
usage(0);
|
|
break;
|
|
case 'v':
|
|
fputs("extlinux " VERSION "\n", stderr);
|
|
exit(0);
|
|
default:
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: Unknown option: %c\n", program, optopt);
|
|
exit(EX_USAGE);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
directory = argv[optind];
|
|
|
|
if ( !directory )
|
|
usage(EX_USAGE);
|
|
|
|
return install_loader(directory);
|
|
}
|